Anxiety and Autism (ASD)
by Kalliope Bessler
Anxiety disorders are among the most common mental health issues experienced globally, especially in those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Though not every person with autism spectrum disorder has an anxiety disorder, it is estimated that anywhere from 11-84% of youth with ASD experience some symptoms that are related to an anxiety disorder. Research suggests that, “anxiety seems highest in fluent speakers with autism, although fewer studies exist of people with nonverbal autism and anxiety.” About 40% of people with ASD that experience anxiety symptoms have an anxiety disorder.
According to the National Institute of Mental Health, some common symptoms of an anxiety disorder are being easily fatigued, feeling restless, irritability, difficulty concentrating, and sleep problems. There are several types of anxiety disorders; social anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, phobias, and separation anxiety disorder.
Dr. Roma A. Vasa, a child psychiatrist specializing in anxiety and ASD, suggested that some symptoms of an anxiety disorder are generally common in people with ASD. However, Dr. Vasa also emphasizes not to write off any anxiety symptoms or excessive worrying simply because a person has autism.
Healthcare professionals diagnose anxiety through questionnaires, but youth with ASD may struggle with articulating their feelings and symptoms of anxiety, which is why technologies and tools are in development to help people with ASD get an anxiety diagnosis.
Therefore, it is crucial to listen to those with ASD and their experiences with anxiety so that they get the support they need.
Types of anxiety treatments for people with ASD are not vastly different from those who do not have autism. The most common options for anxiety treatment are anxiety medication and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, which is a therapy that works by helping a person change their distorted thoughts about themselves and the world around them. It is imperative to find a therapist that is well-versed in working with people with ASD that is willing to modify their therapy techniques to accommodate clients with ASD. It may take a few tries to find the right therapist or medication, but seeking treatment for anxiety, whether you have ASD or not, can be life-changing.
Sources:
Burchi, Elisabetta, and Eric Hollander. “Anxiety in Autism Spectrum Disorder.” Anxiety and Depression Association of America, ADAA, ADAA, adaa.org/learn-from-us/from-the-experts/blog-posts/consumer/anxiety-autism-spectrum-disorder.
National Institute of Mental Health. Anxiety Disorders. July 2018, www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/anxiety-disorders/index.shtml.
Sarris, Marina. “Anxiety's Toll on People with Autism.” Interactive Autism Network, 3 Jan. 2018, iancommunity.org/anxietys-toll-people-autism.
Sarris, Marina. “What Anxiety Treatments Work for People with Autism?.” Interactive Autism Network, 3 Jan. 2018, iancommunity.org/what-anxiety-treatments-work-people-autism.